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Weathering also gives rise to the circular ‘rock basins’ formed by the accumulation of the water and the repeated freezing and thawing as found in the case of Kes Tor on Dartmoor. Furthermore, these stacks are found to be vulnerable to frost action and are often collapsing which is understood from the trails of blocks present down the slopes known as clitter or clatter. In this case, the rocking pillows are known as logan stones. Each of the stacks is known to comprise several layers or tiers or pillows, which may have become separated. These tors can be monolithic like the ones at Haytor and Blackingstone Rock or subdivided into stacks as more usually found and often arranged in the form of avenues. Wherever the joints are found to be unusually widely spaced, the cores blocks are known to survive and escape the above-mentioned weathering processes. This process significantly continued during the prolonged phases of cold climate during the Quaternary Ice ages which are known as periglaciation. This is found to be readily stripped off by using the solifluction process or also by the surface wash when it was not protected by vegetation. Wherever the joints are found to be closely spaced, the large crystals present in the granite stone readily disintegrated which resulted in the formation of a sandy regolith which was locally known as growan.
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Due to this erosion, the Dartmoor granite rock lay exposed to the chemical and physical weathering processes. This happened along with the erosion of the cover rocks. These differences are said to be the attributes of the regional and local differences that occur in the climate and the different rock types.Īn example of tor geography explaining how tors are formed is the Dartmoor granite which was emplaced almost around approximately 300 million years ago. An agreed-upon hypothesis states that the tor geography was formed by the geomorphic processes that differ widely in type and duration.
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Many of the hypotheses that are laid down to understand how tors are formed have tried to propose and explain their origin but yet this topic remains a part of discussion amongst geologista, geomorphologists and physical geographers. The tor geography depicts its height as less than 5 meters. The surrounding rocks are mostly composed of granites but also contain shists, dolerites, dacites and ignimbrites and also coarse sandstones and others. Hence, it is clear that the rots are the landforms which are the landforms created due to the erosion and weathering of the rock that surrounds it. Tor meaning is from the English language which defines it as a bare mass of rock that is surmounted and surrounded by groups of blocks and boulders which is further derived from the old English word ‘torr’.Īs per the Tor meaning, it is clear that they are exposed forms of rocks. It is also a term that is commonly used in the southwest of England for hills especially the hills and the high points located in Dartmoor in Devon and Bodmin Moor of Cornwall. Also, these tors large, free-standing outcrops of rocks that rise abruptly from the surrounding slopes that are smooth and gentle as they are a part of the rounded hill summit or the crest of a ridge. These tors are known as either castle koppie or kopje by geomorphologists. Tors are typically the exposed rock mass of the jointed and broken blocks.